According to research by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD; 2000), reading is the single most important skill a child will learn in life. Belows how to use these video games in the class. Improving vocabulary is key for ELLs. Direct vocabulary instruction can take place before, during, and after reading a book. Whenever you introduce new vocabulary, couple a picture with each important word. As teachers receive more and more ESL/ELLs (English Language Learners) into their classrooms, its important that they learn to integrate them with the rest of their student population. Known to predict future reading success, proficiency in foundational skills (such as phonological awareness, alphabet knowledge, phonics, and spelling) supports long-term achievement. Assisted reading is small-group reading instruction designed to provide differentiated training that sustains students in creating analysis proficiency. Discover strategies to teach reading fluency, such as . Then, review words a youngster has already found out. Pause at strategic points and invite students to supply the words or phrases they know. Making use of electronic games to educate young students in proficiency is not new, yet the results are mixed. It is likewise crucial that he learns the alphabets nois. Students learn vocabulary indirectly when they listen to books being read aloud, read on their own, and listen to others talking. You can begin working on sound segmentation by asking your child to match the very first sounds in words and then the final sounds. In spite of the benefits of digital games for literacy growth, many colleges are reluctant to adopt this modern technology. Here are the steps to DRTA: Sample Activity Evita Martinez- replied on Wed, 2010-04-14 05:41 Permalink. There are numerous ways of teaching sight words, including flashcards and a sound-letter matching activity. There are 6 million copies of these leveled books in print, and the series has actually won numerous honors. Reading proficiency is a powerful predictor of academic success, on-time graduation, and future earning potential in the workforce. What are some strategies you use to teach foundational reading skills (concepts of print, phonological awareness, phonics, and fluency) to ELLs? It is helpful to have a set of cards with pictures of everyday objects (man, boy, girl, cat, dog, house, book, etc. Read more about teaching rhyming words to ELLs. ELLs at all levels of English proficiency and literacy development will benefit from improved comprehension skills, which allow them to: There are a number of ways to build ELLs' comprehension skills. -Build confidence in their pronunciations. Website by Code Dragon Design & Development, LLC. Why?). Note: This article originally appeared in ASCD Express: Vol. To make translating more enjoyable for them, leveled publications include scaffolds. Oral language is made up of phonology, grammar, morphology, vocabulary, discourse, and pragmatics. How can non-English speaking family members aid their child in learning how to read . Its excellent to select books that your kid has an interest in which arent also difficult for them. These games can be downloaded and install free of charge or paid for. Required fields are marked *, You may use these HTML tags and attributes:

. Sight words are hard for kids to find out. Strategies To Teach Foundational Reading Skills. ELA.RI.9-10.10. 4. Grades 9-12, ELA, ELL. Echo reading helps ELL students If you desire your kid to appreciate analysis, make certain to use a phonics program. Here are some great reading strategies from this igcse english tutor to help ELLs be more comfortable with reading. These schools often tend to stock more hardware, such as a tablet, rather. Combining a pattern approach with a sound-by-sound approach, Word Building presents the most basic pronounceable element in the pattern being taught and leads students to build words by adding to that core element. Teachers of students with learning disabilities (LD) who also are emergent bilingual (EB) are tasked with meeting students' individual learning needs and developing academic language. If you require some extra help with a language you do not fully understand, consider seeking it at espressotranslations.com/digital-transcription/. Learning how to read is a complex process for all students. -Use as a whole-class or small-group activity A highly effective approach for teaching phonics, based on my experience, is Word Building. What are some strategies you use to teach foundational reading skills (concepts of print, phonological awareness, phonics, and fluency) to ELLs? 5, Issue 11, "Reading to Learn.". 5) Ask questions to help students match their predictions to the reading. They will also cultivate positive sensations regarding books, which will make them more determined to find out. 45 MIN. Major support provided by our founding partner, the American Federation of Teachers, AFL-CIO. For more strategies on teach ESL/ELLs, see Strategies to use with your English Language Learners, Your email address will not be published. At-risk students who took part in Speech to Print Phonics improved in phonemic awareness, letter-sound recognition, and the ability to learn new words (Vandervelden & Siegel, 1997). It is very important to introduce view words as early as feasible to assist your kid with the process. Consider sight words as foundation; once they are stacked correctly, they produce a firm foundation on which to develop. View the complete CCSS Foundational Skills. For instance, having taught the correspondences s = /s/ and m =/m/, the teacher presents the words man and sun on cards and asks students to point to the word that says man. Use this strategy to model how to make and confirm predictions. For guided reading, it is helpful to preselect one five words that you think students are unfamiliar with and are important to the meaning of the book. While the results of this research were restricted, they did show that children aged four to six showed greater levels of expertise and also interest in learning more about the mind after playing a computer game than children that had not played the game. If students have difficulty with Word Building, try Speech-to-Print Phonics. Ways to Use Echo Reading: During chants, jingles, songs, poetry, and short stories. This is most common in older ELLs. My biggest tip is to use pictures as you teach phonics to ELLs. Some strategies for improving reading comprehension including using picture walks to help build background knowledge before students read a book. What are some strategies you use to teach the elements of language (phonetics, phonology, morphology, lexicon, semantics, syntax, and pragmatics) to ELLs? Vary the pitch (higher or lower) while reading to encourage students to practice different intonations when they echo read. Different types include Venn diagrams, K-W-L charts, story maps, cause-and-effect charts, and timelines. Ask students to use the following strategies to summarize what they have read (orally or in writing): It may be challenging to get ELLs' comprehension skills where you want them to be, but the extra effort it takes will be well worth it as you put them on the path to becoming successful readers. During reading is a great time to model using context clues so that students can learn how to discover the meaning of unfamiliar words independently as they are reading. After two letter-sound correspondences have been introduced, the students are shown two words, one of which starts with the element just taught. The small group model permits students to be instructed in a way that is planned to be much more focused on their particular requirements, accelerating their development. Provide a brief, simple outline of a reading assignment or an oral discussion in advance of a new lesson. Visit WETA's other education websites: Start with a Book| Reading Rockets|AdLit|LD OnLine, Web development by Boxcar Studio and Rapid Development Group, A bilingual site for educators and families of English language learners. Help Your Child Read In Just a Few Minutes a Day, Among the most effective ways to encourage your kid to check out is by choosing books that passion explodes from him. Along with identifying your childs punctuation and also translating difficulties, there are several tools that can aid your childs reading trip also before primary school. Some ELLs have the benefit of knowing how to read in their native language. Word Building is an approach to developing phonics and syllabication skills that builds in step-by-step fashion on what students know. Word sorts are a great way to help students find phonetic patterns. This step is the one that leads to beginning blending in reading. Copyright 2019 WETA Public Broadcasting. 2. Teach students to underline, highlight, make notes, and list unknown vocabulary words as they read. What are some strategies you use to teach the elements of language (phonetics, You'll learn best practices and differentiated strategies for each domain of the Common Core Foundational Reading Skills, including print concepts, phonological awareness, phonics and word recognition, and fluency. A highly effective approach for teaching phonics, based on my experience, is Word Building. Choose vocabulary that your students need to know in order to support their reading development and content-area learning. This approach bypasses letter-sound correspondences and focuses on rote memorization and sight-word recognition. Artwork by Caldecott Award-winning illustrator David Diaz and Pura Belpr Award-winning illustrator Rafael Lpez is used with permission. Some strategies for improving reading comprehension including using picture walks to help build background knowledge before students read a book. By doing this, the child can be presented to a richer vocabulary as they advance in reading levels. This must be balanced with preventing students from becoming self-conscious that they will read a text incorrectly. -Remember important concepts. If appropriate for younger students, use Big Books, as both text and illustrations can be easily seen. Listening to fluent reading is another way to help improve the fluency for ELLs. It is another method to teaching reading their problem levels classify themselves: A-Z to developmental reading analysis levels one via seventy. Drawing conclusions. Try and avoid choosing words that have rich context clues. However, as additional correspondences are introduced, drop one so that students are not required to choose from more than three correspondences. Strategies To Teach Foundational Reading Skills You can choose publications from the library for your youngster or make him Just how to Teach a Youngster to Check out Strategies To Teach Foundational Reading Skills Among the most effective ways to encourage your kid to check out is by choosing books that passion explodes from him. ). document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); A blog created by teachers for teachers. December 31st, 2021. Relating background knowledge. "Walk through" the book with the students, pointing out pictures, illustrations, and other graphic elements. You can record yourself speaking in class to measure your cadence, and adjust. What are some strategies you use to teach the elements of language (phonetics, phonology, morphology, lexicon, semantics . Here is an overview of the different components of reading with strategies to assist ESOL students. Topics covered include: Ideas for using contextual support to help ELLs climb the staircase of complexity; Comparing and contrasting. Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window), 5 Strategies for Teaching Sight Words to ELLs, Integrating Speaking and Writing for ELLs, Improving the Speaking Skills of English Language Learners, 4 Ways to Support ELLs Writing through Listening and Speaking, Why Do English Learners Struggle with Reading. When your child has understood these skills, you can instruct him to decode the remainder of the message. This must be balanced with preventing students from becoming self-conscious that they will read a text incorrectly. Do you have any ideas for "El Dia De Los Ninos"? There are five main components of teaching reading. Having students practice reading out loud is a good way to improve reading fluency. Mnemonics can be made use of to remember new words easily. Additionally, it is very important to concentrate on identifying whether your kid has dyslexia. All students will need some practice, and many students benefit . Nevertheless, they have to use phonics knowledge to decipher the words. es; you can assist him find out to sound out two by mentioning letter sounds. See to it your youngster identifiesthese words, as well as the typical sound they make, after that improve that. 2) Preview keywords or pictures. Why Do English Learners Struggle with Reading gives an overview of teaching reading to ELLs. Some reading comprehension skills students need practice with are finding the main idea of a text, comparing and contrasting, retelling, and summarizing. This article focuses on strategies that are part of three main approaches: building background knowledge, teaching vocabulary explicitly, and checking comprehension frequently. Lines and paragraphs break automatically. In an effort to provide students with more recent evidence-based practices in reading instruction, this study examined how phonics-based instruction related with early English literacy . By using pictures, diagrams, or other visuals, we can make the concepts more concrete and easier for students to understand. Reading comprehension is extracting meaning from what you are reading. Poor readers do not review lots of publications, for that reason, do not come to be competent viewers as well as often tend to likewise lack comprehension abilities. Drawings, graphs, oral interviews, posters, and portfolios are just a few ways that students can demonstrate understanding as they are beginning to develop their reading and writing skills in English. These cards for third grade Unit 4 Benchmark Advance vocabulary words are a useful reading comprehension tool, especially for English language learners. You'll learn best practices and differentiated strategies for each domain of the Common Core Foundational Reading Skills, including print concepts, phonological awareness, phonics and word recognition, and fluency. Fluency is the ability to read words accurately, with appropriate speed, and with expression. Use short comprehension checks as a way for students to show their understanding of what they are reading. The majority of ELLs that struggle with reading, have difficulty with fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension. -Remind students to use what they already know to make predictions. The repeating of words makes them stick in the youngsters mind. Some video games can assist children practice letter acknowledgment, find out about punctuation patterns, noticing letter mixes, as well as reinforce letter-sound knowledge. Most educators consider foundational skills to include print concepts, phonological awareness , phonics, and fluency. Strategies To Teach Foundational Reading Skills. Please answer the following questions by providing a deep explanation. For ELLs it is important to add in oral language development as a part of reading instruction. Here are the steps to DRTA: 1) Choose a text. We employ the following methods to teach ELLS the fundamentals of reading (concepts of print, phonological awareness, phonics, and fluency): Read to pupils every day As much as you can, aid in their comprehension When required, teach the alphabet Teach phonics in context Continually assess comprehension You'll learn best practices and differentiated strategies for each domain of the Common Core Foundational Reading Skills, including print concepts, phonological awareness, phonics and word recognition, and fluency. This helps students to connect words that they are learning how to read with their English meaning. If you locate your youngster is having trouble identifying a word, attempt asking 2 questions. To start with, this action in their analysis trip, present a handful of new sight words per lesson. Some of these strategies include: 1. Here, ELL-expert Paul Boyd-Batstone explains how to teach the foundational reading skills (e.g., phonological awareness, phonics, fluency) to English learners and offers scads of practical advice and useful lesson plans and resources for implementing such instruction successfully." Teach the alphabet when necessary In this essential book from ELL-expert Paul Boyd-Batstone, you'll find out how to teach reading while keeping in mind the unique needs of English language learners. The equilibrium of leveled and also decodable books is essential for both understanding and vocabulary building. With generous support provided by the National Education Association. The teacher presents a vowel element, such as s = /s/, shows the students two word cards, and asks students to point to the word that contains that element. What are some strategies you use to teach the elements of language (phonetics, phonology, morphology, lexicon, semantics, syntax, and pragmatics) to . 2. When faced with a word that poses difficulty for them, students use the strategy of seeking a pronounceable word part and then use that pronounceable word part as the basis for reconstructing the word. For English learners who may not comprehend everything a teacher says, an image will help clarify meaning and encourage understanding. One research study located that extended exposure to the Everybody Has a Brain video game enhanced students understanding and also passion about the mind. If your kid is having problem memorizing the words, reduce the number to a couple of per lesson. g confidence as well as the drive to be independent viewers. Numerous youngsters pick up from these video games without also understanding it. These findings support the growing passion in the mind among young children as well as assistance efforts to integrate these video games into common educational program. ELLs often have problems learning science, math, or social studies concepts, for example, because they cannot comprehend the textbooks for these subjects. 3. It is all a part of the pattern of sequence of letters, a solid method to assist your kid. One strategy is to use structured, academic conversations to guide students speaking development. 6) Discuss what has been read before reading the next section. Homepage illustrations 2009 by Rafael Lpez originally appeared in "Book Fiesta" by Pat Mora and used with permission from HarperCollins. In addition to decoding short words, you can additionally instruct your kid to recognize view words. The view word method is important for bad viewers. At the beginning of the year and each time you hand out a new textbook, take students on a "virtual tour." Teachers can thoroughly observe and take notes of the pupils during guided reading time. Teaching ELLs to Read, K-5: Strategies to Meet the Common Core . This will help ELLs pick out the important information as they listen or read. Fluency. Students need exposure to these questions to be able to understand more complex texts. Teaching and educating the child on how to read from a book from the front to the back and reading the words left to right What are some strategies you use to teach foundational reading skills (concepts of print, phonological awareness, phonics, and fluency) to ELLs? 1. Preselect stopping points where students can pause while reading. When you are teaching reading to ELLs, there is the added challenge that they are learning the vocabulary of English as they learn how to read. Utilizing leveled publications to teach a child to read has lots of advantages for both the youngster and the teacher. Use this strategy to help struggling readers with fluency, pronunciation, intonation, vocabulary, and reading comprehension. Problem-solving. As in her previous book, The Threads of Reading: Strategies for . Practice is most beneficial when it involves active reading and writing, is geared to skills being taught, is on the appropriate level of challenge, is engaging, and when corrective feedback is provided. They may differ in top quality, yet all have an instructional objective. |, Reinforcement and Extension of Foundational Skills. Students may already possess content knowledge that they cannot yet demonstrate in English. Learn more about this strategy in Teaching ELLs to Navigate Textbooks Effectively. tamrin replied on Sun, 2010-06-06 07:20 Permalink. You are welcome to print copies for non-commercial use, or a limited number for educational purposes, as long as credit is given to Colorn Colorado and the author(s). Again pictures are key for helping ELLs pick up new vocabulary as they practice sounds. You might need to offer him extra guideline. ), Applied level (How much water are you going to give it? View word technique is essential when educating a child to check out. Tips for Teaching this Strategy: 3) Have students make prediction about what they will read. In the onset of learning to review, students can manage on memory and context. How do you use Response to Intervention (RTI) or Multitiered Systems of Support (MTSS) in ELL instruction? In reading comprehension, You can use the strategy that what we call " Repeat and Speak " the teacher will read the passage from the book and the student will repeat what the teacher said or read. When students are familiar with the story, invite them to "read" along with you as you point to the words. -Have Students who are native English speakers lead the reading; its helpful for ELLs to hear voices similar to their own. This can be challenging for some ELLs. Read more about. What methods do you employ while teaching ELLs the aspects of language (phonetics, phonology, morphology, lexicon, semantics, syntax . This article presents an arts integration program that uses drama and dance to promote foundational literacy skills, with an emphasis on the oral development of English Language Learners (ELLs). Colorn Colorado is a national multimedia project that offers a wealth of bilingual, research-based information, activities, and advice for educators and families of English language learners (ELLs). By tracking his passions, youll understand what he takes pleasure in and also will certainly most likely read. What tactics do you employ to teach ELLs core reading abilities (print ideas, phonological awareness, phonics, and fluency)? Directed Reading-Thinking Activity (DRTA). The following reading strategies will help you with the process. Although many areas supply computers and laptops in institutions, they do not give instructional materials created to help youngsters end up being competent visitors. Speak Slowlyand Increase Your Wait Time Easier said than done. Children who reach adulthood without adequate reading skills are at risk for low self-esteem . The We Both Read collection features a big collection of leveled books. They are then shown how to use this knowledge to decode unfamiliar words independently. Here are additional ideas for teaching vocabulary to ELLs. Tips for Teaching this ELL Strategy Often standard strategies that are used in mainstream classrooms are a good starting point they just need to be tweaked with ELLs' language and academic needs in mind! After a third correspondence has been taught, students choose from all three. What are some strategies you use to teach foundational reading skills (concepts of print, phonological awareness, phonics, and fluency) to ELLs? These words are words that are simpler to sound out than others. Thank You! This will impact their reading expression. Click here to explore, 2021 Thomas G. Gunning, All Rights Reserved Especially reading with expression. Examples of comprehension skills that can be taught and applied to all reading situations include: Summarizing. Give the students as many opportunities to use and master the new vocabulary as possible. When learning from computer games in their native language, youngsters can often do it on their own, possibly giving confidence as well as the drive to be independent viewers. Remember that students need to know how to use a tool in order for it to be useful. Most private schools in India follow the Alphabet-Spelling method to teach reading in English. Because students are only required to recognize the printed form of a word spoken by the teacher, Speech to Print Phonics is about as easy an approach to phonics instruction as you can find. Students can then read books or simple sentences that have those word patterns. Use new words in class discussions or outside of class in other contexts if appropriate, such as on field trips. I. 4) Stop at set points so students can check predictions, revise them, and make new predictions. In this book, Karen Tankersley provides a multiplicity of practical, research-based reading strategies tailored specifically for use with older students. Use short comprehension checks as a way for students to show their understanding of what they are reading. When using any teaching strategy, teachers should (1) help students to understand why a strategy is useful, and (2) describe explicitly how the strategy should be used. This article focuses on strategies that are part of three main approaches: building background knowledge, teaching vocabulary explicitly, and checking comprehension frequently. 2. Ask questions to guide students' thinking. Student discussion following strategy instruction is also helpful. Still, many of the teachers I spoke to said this simple change is vital. This also helps students to preview new vocabulary and practice oral language skills. In addition to being a great analysis program for moms and dads as well as teachers, leveled books are also a terrific means to engage a child in reading aloud. The authors of these books consist of Dev Ross, Sindy McKay, and also Jennifer Harrington. Know and apply grade-level phonics and word analysis skills in decoding words. Once students learn how to recognize these elements, they will be able to preview the text independently. Read the selection as a class, pausing as planned. What methods do you utilize for vocabulary improvement and pupil apply? Sometimes students will become experts at decoding but do not fully comprehend what they are reading. It also goes over ways to differentiate language differences from a learning disability when students struggle with reading. reading instruction teachers must engage readers to stimulate their brain which will help them relate to. These skills often appear in state standards. It also integrates phonological awareness and phonics (Vandervelden & Siegel, 1997; Bus & van Ijzendoorn, 1999). You can use several different approaches to strengthen view words in your kids brain. Teachers require specialized knowledge in second-language acquisition and the specific learning strategies to support students' learning disabilities. One lesson needs to focus on sight words, with three or five introduced each time. When your child has actually mastered a handful of view words, you can begin boosting the variety of words per lesson. What strategies do you use for vocabulary development and student practice? the it. Foundational Skills Practice StrategiesKindergarten and First Grade To develop their foundational skills in reading and writing, students need practice. Instructional strategies What are some strategies you use to teach foundational reading skills (concepts of print, phonological awareness, phonics, and fluency) to ELLs? When analysis, keep in mind that you ought to include the words meaning when giving instructions. Along with class use computer games for proficiency education and learning, interactive internet sites and mobile apps are additionally an important resource. They can be made use of for word pursues and also to emphasize targeted phonics patterns. Video bonus: See classroom videos and interviews about reading comprehension in our related resource section and classroom video library! Sometimes students will become experts at decoding but do not fully comprehend what they are reading. One reading process is to play sight word bingo with your youngster can help them learn words, while an additional reliable reading instruction is to play sight-word catchers with magnetic letters or letter ceramic tiles. Watch this teacher introduce high-frequency words that both "play by the rules" (include Click here for a listing of major multisyllabic patterns and key strategies for decoding multisyllabic words. Teaching good fluency - the smoothness, rate, and expression while reading - can help readers comprehend more of what they are reading. Call on the students who quote questions related to that part of the story, and conduct discussion about the reading thus far. Word sorts are a great way to help students find phonetic patterns. What methods do you employ to help students learn new words and improve their skills? Many academic computer games are fun for kids to play. This is helpful as many of the same skills will transfer over as they learn how to read in English. Have students look at pictures in a book to predict what a story or text might be about. The approach intentionally privileges productive language skills "from the beginning," she says. strategies you use to teach foundational reading skills. Present them when they prepare. But, only a small percentage of ELLs have difficulty acquiring the foundational skills needed for accurate and automatic word reading. The most challenging group of students are those that are older and not literate in their native language. The job of an educator is to use the Science of Reading as well as Scarborough Rope to develop. Split Dictation Activity. 3. The teacher (or other native English speaker) reads the text first, using proper intonation and a good pace. In presenting the at pattern, for example, the teacher shows students how at is composed of a/a/ and t/t/ and helps them to build words like bat, cat , fat, hat ,mat, rat, and sat. For these students, teachers will want to use many of the same strategies as for young students but integrate content information into the text selection that they are using. Read with sufficient accuracy and fluency to support comprehension. Hold a hand to an ear to demonstrate the idea of hearing an echo. Inferencing. Students can then read books or simple sentences that have those word patterns. Vocabulary instruction can be direct and indirect. (e.g. What strategies do you use for vocabulary development and student practice? There are lots of strategies and also clinical evidence to have actually stabilized literacy when a youngster begins reading When a kid is discovering to read, utilizing leveled publications is an effective way to provide the best type of instruction. Some publications are written in upper and lower-case letters, and youngsters need to discover to identify both types so they can begin checking out. When starting a new lesson, look for references that may need to be explicitly explained. 1. By adding informative books to the kids reading collection, they can introduce brand-new subjects and web content throughout the day. Preselect stopping points where students can pause while reading. A picture is worth a thousand words: A picture is understandable in any language. Unlike various other analysis approaches, children with dyslexia have trouble matching noises to letters. Effective teaching of phonics, syllabic analysis, and other foundational skills is based on continuous assessment, matching students with appropriate materials on their level; providing explicit, modeled instruction; and providing sufficient guided practice and application. What strategies do you use for vocabulary development and student practice? Proficient visitors only establish from great deals of books. Choral reading is a great way to give ELLs practice both reading out loud and hearing fluent reading. Topics covered include: Ideas for using contextual support to help ELLs climb the staircase of complexity; But there are ways to correct this trouble as well as gather phonemic awareness. Comprehension is the reason for reading, but it can be the most difficult skill to master especially for English language learners (ELLs). ABCya, a prominent instructional video game system, features countless games organized by grade level as well as type. Teacher demonstration, modeling, and follow-up independent practice are critical factors for success. Explain that bats use echoes and different tones to locate food sources and other important information. 4 Strategies for Supporting English Learners 1. You must have JavaScript enabled to use this form. Foundational skills include phonics, syllabic analysis, fluency, morphemic analysis, which is the study of prefixes, suffixes, and roots and word study, which includes phonics and syllabic and morphemic analysis. Web page addresses and e-mail addresses turn into links automatically. Ask questions to guide students thinking. The even more sight words a kid recognizes, the much easier it will certainly be for them to learn new words and also boost their confidence. For Emerging ELLs, the first reader should read one line of text; for Developing ELLs (and higher levels), the first reader can read several lines of text.). This will impact their reading expression. You can also use index cards to aid him damage words into syllables. Sequencing. With a 95% precision price on leveled texts, educators can determine if the kid prepares to advance from leveled books to independent analysis. Lessons in Empathy and Proactivity: Two Great Summer Reads for Upper Elementary Students and Middle Schoolers, 5 Parent Hacks for Discussing a Novel You Havent Read, Reading Strategies For Ell English Language Learners. 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